EUS-guided biopsy for the diagnosis and classification of lymphoma

Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Apr;71(4):851-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2009.12.033.

Abstract

Background: EUS-guided FNA and Tru-cut biopsy (TCB) is highly accurate in the diagnosis of lymphoma. Subclassification, however, may be difficult in low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma.

Objective: To determine the yield of EUS-guided biopsy to classify lymphoma based on the World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic lymphoid tissues.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Patients: A total of 24 patients referred for EUS-guided biopsy who had a final diagnosis of lymphoma or "highly suspicious for lymphoma."

Interventions: EUS-guided FNA and TCB combined with flow cytometry (FC) analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASUREMENT: Lymphoma subclassification accuracy of EUS guided biopsy.

Results: Twenty-four patients were included in this study. Twenty-three patients underwent EUS-FNA, and 1 patient had only TCB. Twenty-two underwent EUS-TCB combined with FNA. EUS correctly diagnosed lymphoma in 19 out of 24 patients (79%), and subclassification was determined in 16 patients (66.6%). Flow cytometry correctly identified B-cell monoclonality in 95% (18 out of 19). In 1 patient diagnosed as having marginal-zone lymphoma by EUS-FNA/FC only, the diagnosis was changed to hairy cell leukemia after a bone marrow biopsy was obtained. EUS had a lower yield in nonlarge B-cell lymphoma (only 9 out of 15 cases [60%]) compared with large B-cell lymphoma (78%; P = .3 [Fisher exact test]).

Limitations: Retrospective, small number of patients.

Conclusion: EUS-guided biopsy has a lower yield to correctly classify Hodgkin lymphoma and low-grade lymphoma compared with high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biopsy, Fine-Needle*
  • Bone Marrow / pathology
  • Endosonography*
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Hodgkin Disease / classification
  • Hodgkin Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Hodgkin Disease / pathology
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell / diagnostic imaging
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell / pathology
  • Lymphoma / classification
  • Lymphoma / diagnostic imaging*
  • Lymphoma / pathology*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / classification
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / classification
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / pathology
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / classification
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional*
  • Young Adult