First-trimester ultrasound dating of twin pregnancy: are singleton charts reliable?

BJOG. 2010 Jul;117(8):979-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02592.x. Epub 2010 May 19.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of validated singleton crown-rump length (CRL) formulae in dating twin pregnancies at 11-14 weeks of gestation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Fetal medicine unit of a London teaching hospital.

Sample: Three hundred and eighty-four pregnancies with known dates of conception.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 266 singletons and 118 twin pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilisation (IVF), with a known date of conception. The gestation calculated from the date of conception was compared with the expected gestation from fetal size using a number of different CRL formulae.

Main outcome measures: Difference in gestational age computed from fetal size (CRL) of the bigger and smaller fetus in twin pregnancies and singleton pregnancies using three formulae.

Results: Two of the three studied CRL formulae systematically underestimated the mean gestational age and size of singleton IVF pregnancies (Robinson formula: gestation = 1.4 days, size = 2.7 mm). Twin CRL measurements straddled those of singletons, regardless of the CRL formula used (Robinson formula: larger twin gestation = 2.4 days, size = 4.7 mm; smaller twin gestation = 0.8 days, size = 1.7 mm). These underestimates in gestation and size for IVF singleton and twin pregnancies are well within the known limits of accuracy of first = trimester ultrasound measurements, and are of limited clinical significance.

Conclusions: Currently available CRL charts underestimate both the age and size of IVF singleton pregnancies by a clinically insignificant amount. This difference is similar for twin pregnancies, suggesting that singleton CRL charts can be used to date twin pregnancies accurately.

MeSH terms

  • Case-Control Studies
  • Crown-Rump Length*
  • Female
  • Fertilization in Vitro
  • Fetal Development / physiology*
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Trimester, First
  • Pregnancy, Multiple / physiology*
  • Reference Values
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Twins
  • Ultrasonography, Prenatal / methods*