Application of multiplex PCR for characterization of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and its differentiated progenies

J Biomol Screen. 2010 Jul;15(6):630-43. doi: 10.1177/1087057110370211. Epub 2010 Jun 8.

Abstract

Techniques to evaluate gene expression profiling, including real-time quantitative PCR, TaqMan low-density arrays, and sufficiently sensitive cDNA microarrays, are efficient methods for monitoring human embryonic stem cell (hESC) cultures. However, most of these high-throughput tests have a limited use due to high cost, extended turnaround time, and the involvement of highly specialized technical expertise. Hence, there is a paucity of rapid, cost-effective, robust, yet sensitive methods for routine screening of hESCs. A critical requirement in hESC cultures is to maintain a uniform undifferentiated state and to determine their differentiation capacity by showing the expression of gene markers representing all germ layers, including ecto-, meso-, and endoderm. To quantify the modulation of gene expression in hESCs during their propagation, expansion, and differentiation via embryoid body (EB) formation, the authors developed a simple, rapid, inexpensive, and definitive multimarker, semiquantitative multiplex RT-PCR (mxPCR) platform technology. Among the 15 gene primers tested, 4 were pluripotent markers comprising set 1, and 3 lineage-specific markers from each ecto-, meso-, and endoderm layers were combined as sets 2 to 4, respectively. The authors found that these 4 sets were not only effective in determining the relative differentiation in hESCs, but were easily reproducible. In this study, they used the HUES-7 cell line to standardize the technique, which was subsequently validated with HUES-9, NTERA-2, and mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. This single-reaction mxPCR assay was flexible and, by selecting appropriate reporter genes, can be designed for characterization of different hESC lines during routine maintenance and directed differentiation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation* / genetics
  • Cell Line
  • Embryo, Mammalian / cytology
  • Embryo, Mammalian / metabolism
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology*
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Reference Standards
  • Reproducibility of Results

Substances

  • Biomarkers