Early brief treatment with losartan plus mycophenolate mofetil provides lasting renoprotection in a renal ablation model

Am J Nephrol. 2010;32(2):95-102. doi: 10.1159/000315137. Epub 2010 Jun 15.

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory events antecede established renal injury in rats with 5/6 renal ablation (Nx), as indicated by the beneficial effects of early, uninterrupted treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Angiotensin II also exerts a major pathogenic role at this initial phase. We investigated whether losartan (L) or L+MMF treatment, started early, and L+MMF treatment, started late, would exert lasting renoprotection in Nx even after being discontinued.

Methods: Adult male Munich-Wistar rats underwent Nx and were divided into three groups: Nx (untreated), Nx(L) (given L), and Nx(LMMF) (given L and MMF). Protocol 1: treatments began on day 1, and ceased on day 30, after Nx. Protocol 2: L+MMF treatment began on day 30 and ceased on day 60.

Results: Protocol 1: on day 30, hypertension, albuminuria and renal injury were strongly attenuated in Groups Nx(L) and Nx(LMMF). On day 120, these abnormalities were still attenuated in group Nx(LMMF). Protocol 2: on day 120, all parameters were similar between this late Nx(LMMF) group and untreated Nx.

Conclusion: In Nx, temporary suppression of early, transitory hemodynamic/inflammatory phenomena affords relatively durable renoprotection even after treatment discontinuation. This effect is not obtained with similar temporary treatment initiated later in the course of renal disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Albuminuria / prevention & control
  • Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / administration & dosage
  • Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Chronic Disease
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Kidney Diseases / pathology
  • Kidney Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Losartan / administration & dosage
  • Losartan / therapeutic use*
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Male
  • Mycophenolic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Mycophenolic Acid / analogs & derivatives*
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Nephrectomy
  • Protective Agents / administration & dosage
  • Protective Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Strains
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Protective Agents
  • Mycophenolic Acid
  • Losartan