Inhibitors to understand molecular mechanisms of NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases (sirtuins)

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Oct-Dec;1799(10-12):726-39. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2010.06.003. Epub 2010 Jun 23.

Abstract

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that cleave acetyl groups from acetyl-lysine residues in histones and various nonhistone proteins. Unlike the other three of the four classes of HDACs that have been identified in humans, which are zinc-dependent amidohydrolases, class III HDACs depend on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) for their catalytic activity. The seven members of the class III HDACs are also named sirtuins for their homology to Sir2p, a yeast histone deacetylase. Sirtuin inhibitors have been critical for the linkage of sirtuin activity to many physiological and pathological processes, and sirtuin activity has been associated with the pathogenesis of cancer, HIV, and metabolic and neurological diseases. Presented here is an overview of the many sirtuin inhibitors that have provided insight into the biological role of sirtuins.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / enzymology
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors* / chemistry
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors* / metabolism
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Metabolic Diseases / drug therapy
  • Metabolic Diseases / enzymology
  • NAD* / chemistry
  • NAD* / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Nervous System Diseases / drug therapy
  • Nervous System Diseases / enzymology
  • Sirtuins* / chemistry
  • Sirtuins* / metabolism

Substances

  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • NAD
  • Sirtuins