Comparative 5-year outcomes of brachytherapy and surgery for prostate cancer

Brachytherapy. 2011 Jan-Feb;10(1):9-14. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2009.12.004.

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the predicted outcome by radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) of patients actually treated with prostate brachytherapy (PB) for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, using a surgical nomogram.

Methods and materials: Data of consecutive patients treated with PB from the start of our program in 1998 to February 1, 2005 were extracted from a prospectively maintained database that records patient, tumor, and outcomes information. Prognostic features of each patient and brachytherapist experience were entered into a nomogram of surgical outcomes that incorporates surgeon experience. The definition of failure was a rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) >0.4 ng/mL or secondary intervention. Comparisons of actual PB outcome vs. predicted surgical outcome were compared using the log-rank test.

Results: One thousand two hundred fifty-four patients were treated in this era, and all are included for analysis. The median followup is 56 months. Forty-six percent have stage T1, and 54% have stage T2 cancer. Twenty-five percent have Gleason 7 disease, and the median PSA is 6.3 ng/mL (range, 0.3-19.6 ng/mL). Fifty-eight percent have low-risk disease, and 41% have intermediate-risk disease. Androgen deprivation therapy was used for 6 months in 92% of intermediate-risk and 46% of low-risk cases. The median PSA at last followup is 0.06 ng/mL. Five-year biochemical no evidence of disease rate with PB is 90.6%, and that predicted with RRP is 86.8%, p=0.003.

Conclusions: Excellent PB outcomes are observed that exceed that predicted from the use of RRP.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Brachytherapy / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / blood
  • Prostatectomy / statistics & numerical data
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Prostate-Specific Antigen