The paper analyzes the frequency of admissions to the S. P. Botkin Clinical Infectious Hospital and the City AIDS Center among patients with HIV infection and the structure of fatal outcomes. It is concluded that there is a considerable increase in mortality and the number of patients needing hospitalization. The dead HIV-infected patients autopsied at the Unit of Morbid Anatomy, S. P. Botkin Hospital, in the past years are characterized in detail. The topical problems of HIV infection the solution of which require the participation of pathomorphologists are discussed.