Mediastinal radiotherapy after multidrug chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with SCLC--treatment results after long-term follow-up and literature overview

Cancer Radiother. 2011 Apr;15(2):81-8. doi: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.03.017. Epub 2010 Aug 12.

Abstract

Introduction: Curative therapy for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is based on multidrug chemotherapy combinations and radiotherapy. After a long time follow-up, the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of sequential chemo-radiotherapy and the effect of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI).

Methods: From 1995-2005, 96 patients with SCLC (64 limited-disease [LD], 32 extensive-disease [ED]; median age 61 years [range 39-79]) were treated at our department with varying chemotherapy regimens and sequential mediastinal radiotherapy (50 Gy + 10 Gy boost in case of residual disease after chemotherapy). Afterwards, 15 patients with LD, good general condition and at least partial response after local treatment received PCI (30 Gy).

Results: After a median follow-up of 78.6 months, 20 patients remained alive (20.8%, median survival time 18.2 months). The 2-/5-year overall survival rates were 33.8% and 12.6%, the 2-/5-year loco-regional control rates were 30.3% and 24.5%, respectively. Distant metastases occurred in 43 patients (24 cerebral). Cerebral metastasis occurred in 6.7% and 27.2% of the patients with PCI and without PCI respectively. Only tumor stage showed a statistically significant impact on overall survival and loco-regional control in multivariate analysis. Radiotherapy was well tolerated. Grade 3/4 toxicity occurred in seven patients. Prognosis of patients with SCLC remains poor. Administration of PCI in selected patients bears a decrease in the incidence of cerebral metastases. Alternative chemotherapy schemes as well as irradiation schemes and techniques should be the substance of future randomized trials.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Brain Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Brain Neoplasms / secondary
  • Combined Modality Therapy / methods
  • Cranial Irradiation*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hemoglobin A / analysis
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoplasm, Residual
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Remission Induction
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / mortality
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / radiotherapy*
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / secondary
  • Survival Rate
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Hemoglobin A