Cutting edge: proteolytic inactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 by the Nlrp3 and Nlrc4 inflammasomes

J Immunol. 2010 Sep 15;185(6):3127-30. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001512. Epub 2010 Aug 16.

Abstract

Caspase-mediated cleavage of the DNA damage sensor poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a hallmark of apoptosis. However, it remains unclear whether PARP1 is processed during pyroptosis, a specialized cell-death program that occurs upon activation of caspase-1 in inflammasome complexes. In this article, we show that activation of the Nlrp3 and Nlrc4 inflammasomes induces processing of full-length PARP1 into a fragment of 89 kDa in a stimulus-dependent manner. Macrophages deficient for caspase-1 and those lacking the inflammasome adaptors Nlrp3, Nlrc4, and ASC were highly resistant to cleavage, whereas macrophages lacking the downstream inflammasome effector caspase-7 were partially protected. A modest, but statistically significant, reduction in Nlrp3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis was observed in PARP1 knockout macrophages. Thus, protease-mediated inactivation of PARP1 is a shared feature of apoptotic, necrotic, and pyroptotic cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / deficiency
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / physiology*
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / deficiency
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / physiology*
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / physiology*
  • Caspase 1 / chemistry
  • Caspase 1 / physiology
  • Caspase 7 / chemistry
  • Caspase 7 / physiology
  • Cell Death / genetics
  • Cell Death / immunology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Inflammation / enzymology
  • Inflammation / immunology*
  • Inflammation / pathology*
  • Inflammation Mediators / chemistry
  • Inflammation Mediators / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors*
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / chemistry
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / metabolism*
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational / immunology
  • Substrate Specificity / immunology

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Ipaf protein, mouse
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
  • Nlrp3 protein, mouse
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
  • Parp1 protein, mouse
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
  • Casp7 protein, mouse
  • Caspase 7
  • Caspase 1