Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of halogenated N-(2-(4-oxo-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)ethyl)benzamides: discovery of an isoform-selective small molecule phospholipase D2 inhibitor

J Med Chem. 2010 Sep 23;53(18):6706-19. doi: 10.1021/jm100814g.

Abstract

Phospholipase D (PLD) catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidylcholine to the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid. Two mammalian isoforms of PLD have been identified, PLD1 and PLD2, which share 53% sequence identity and are subject to different regulatory mechanisms. Inhibition of PLD enzymatic activity leads to increased cancer cell apoptosis, decreased cancer cell invasion, and decreased metastasis of cancer cells; therefore, the development of isoform-specific, PLD inhibitors is a novel approach for the treatment of cancer. Previously, we developed potent dual PLD1/PLD2, PLD1-specific (>1700-fold selective), and moderately PLD2-preferring (>10-fold preferring) inhibitors. Here, we describe a matrix library strategy that afforded the most potent (PLD2 IC(50) = 20 nM) and selective (75-fold selective versus PLD1) PLD2 inhibitor to date, N-(2-(1-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)ethyl)-2-naphthamide (22a), with an acceptable DMPK profile. Thus, these new isoform-selective PLD inhibitors will enable researchers to dissect the signaling roles and therapeutic potential of individual PLD isoforms to an unprecedented degree.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Allosteric Regulation
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Blood Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Drug Design
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Humans
  • Isoenzymes / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Male
  • Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
  • Naphthalenes / chemical synthesis*
  • Naphthalenes / pharmacokinetics
  • Naphthalenes / pharmacology
  • Phospholipase D / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Protein Binding
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Spiro Compounds / chemical synthesis*
  • Spiro Compounds / pharmacokinetics
  • Spiro Compounds / pharmacology
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Blood Proteins
  • Isoenzymes
  • N-(2-(1-(3-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-1,3,8-triazaspiro(4.5)decan-8-yl)ethyl)-2-naphthamide
  • Naphthalenes
  • Spiro Compounds
  • phospholipase D2
  • Phospholipase D