The author discusses in conjunction with contemporary views on the genesis and development of diabetic neuropathy the view on the neurotoxicity of oral antidiabetics, in particular sulphonyl urea derivatives. He analyzes in more detail different areas of pathogenesis of diabetics neuropathy, the main one being the metabolic and hypoxic one with the common trigger mechanism--hyperglycaemia. Therefore, based on contemporary knowledge, the neurotoxicity of oral antidiabetics can be ruled out.