Evaluating depressive symptoms and their impact on outcome in schizophrenia applying the Calgary Depression Scale

Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011 Mar;123(3):228-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01608.x. Epub 2010 Oct 4.

Abstract

Objective: To examine depressive symptoms, their course during treatment, and influence on outcome.

Method: Weekly Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia ratings were performed in 249 inpatients with schizophrenia. Early response was defined as a 20% reduction in the total score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia from admission to week 2, response as a 50% reduction in the total score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) from admission to discharge and remission according to the consensus criteria.

Results: Thirty six per cent of the patients were depressed at admission, with 23% of them still being depressed at discharge. Depressed patients scored significantly higher on the PANSS negative and general psychopathology subscore, featured more impairments in subjective well-being (P < 0.0001) and functioning (P < 0.0001). They suffered from more suicidality (P = 0.0021), and had greater insight into their illness (P = 0.0105). No significant differences were found regarding early response, response, and remission.

Conclusion: Patients with depressive symptoms should be monitored closely, given the burden of negative symptoms, their impairments in well-being and functioning and the threat of suicidality.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cohort Studies
  • Depression / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales*
  • Schizophrenia / therapy
  • Schizophrenic Psychology*
  • Suicidal Ideation
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome