Based on empirical evidence, psychotherapeutic treatment of depression is recommended if the following methods are applied: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT), and Psychoanalytic/Short-term Psychodynamic Therapy. The empirical evidence for the efficacy of CBT and IPT is established, whereas data supporting the efficacy of psychoanalytical/psychodynamic techniques is not as well documented. In addition, considering the cost-benefit aspects of treatment, CBT and IPT are highly recommendable.