The t-SNARE complex: a close up

Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2010 Nov;30(8):1321-6. doi: 10.1007/s10571-010-9599-4. Epub 2010 Nov 3.

Abstract

The SNARE proteins, syntaxin, SNAP-25, and synaptobrevin have long been known to provide the driving force for vesicle fusion in the process of regulated exocytosis. Of particular interest is the initial interaction between SNAP-25 and syntaxin to form the t-SNARE heterodimer, an acceptor for subsequent synaptobrevin engagement. In vitro studies have revealed at least two different dynamic conformations of t-SNARE heterodimer defined by the degree of association of the C-terminal SNARE motif of SNAP-25 with syntaxin. At the plasma membrane, these proteins are organized into dense clusters of 50-60 nm in diameter. More recently, the t-SNARE interaction within these clusters was investigated in live cells at the molecular level, estimating each cluster to contain 35-70 t-SNARE molecules. This work reported the presence of both partially and fully zippered t-SNARE complex at the plasma membrane in agreement with the earlier in vitro findings. It also revealed a spatial segregation into distinct clusters containing predominantly one conformation apparently patterned by the surrounding lipid environment. The reason for this dynamic t-SNARE complex in exocytosis is uncertain; however, it does take us one step closer to understand the complex sequence of events leading to vesicle fusion, emphasizing the role of both membrane proteins and lipids.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Multiprotein Complexes / metabolism*
  • SNARE Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Multiprotein Complexes
  • SNARE Proteins