End-of-life care policies in Flemish residential care facilities accommodating persons with intellectual disabilities

J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010 Dec;54(12):1067-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01335.x. Epub 2010 Nov 11.

Abstract

Objective: This article aims to describe the presence, content and implementation strategies of written policies on end-of-life decisions in Flemish residential care facilities (RCFs) accommodating persons with intellectual disabilities (ID), and to describe training, education and quality assessments of end-of-life care.

Methods: A cross-sectional mail survey was conducted among general directors of all RCFs accommodating persons with ID (n = 140) in Flanders, Belgium. Institutions were asked to provide us with a copy of their end-of-life care policy documents for content analysis.

Results: Of the 140 institutions, 84 (60%) completed the questionnaire and 25 institutions provided 45 policy documents. Presence of policies on specific end-of-life decisions with a possible life-shortening effect lay between 18% (palliative sedation) and 26% (withdrawing or withholding of life-prolonging treatment). The content analysis showed that the focus in the majority of these policy documents is on palliative care, while end-of-life decisions with a possible life-shortening effect are mentioned but rarely elaborated on. Furthermore, few documents incorporate the distinctive features and needs of persons with ID regarding end-of-life care. On the other hand, half of the institutions trained and educated their professional care providers in some aspects of end-of-life care while one-third assessed the satisfaction of residents and families on several of these aspects. However, more than half reported explicitly that they have no plans for such assessments.

Conclusions: The presence of end-of-life care policies is low in Flemish RCFs and their content is not very specific for persons with ID.

MeSH terms

  • Belgium
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / nursing*
  • Organizational Policy*
  • Palliative Care / methods*
  • Palliative Care / standards
  • Patient Care Planning / organization & administration
  • Patient Care Planning / standards*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Residential Facilities / organization & administration*
  • Terminal Care / methods*
  • Terminal Care / standards
  • Withholding Treatment / standards