Complications in immunosuppressive therapy of liver transplant recipients

J Surg Res. 2011 Jun 1;168(1):e137-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.09.035. Epub 2010 Oct 30.

Abstract

Background: In liver transplantation (LT), modern immunosuppressive protocol is focused on early corticosteroid (CS) weaning. The aim of the study was to investigate all early transplant-related complications using Clavien grading system, in order to identify a significant relation in two homogenous groups of consecutive liver transplanted patients, only different for steroid avoidance in immunosuppressive regimen.

Materials and methods: One group was treated with a tacrolimus-based CS-free immunosuppressive protocol, the other one underwent tacrolimus plus low dose CS therapy. The preoperative continuous variables analyzed were age, gender, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and the pre-allocation score for predicting survival following liver transplantation (P-SOFT).

Results: There were 39 patients in Group A (CS free) (37.9%), and 64 patients in Group B (CS on board) (62.1%). No statistically significant differences between the two groups were detected regarding the incidence and Clavien grade of complications (P = 0.116). No significant relation was revealed between Clavien rate of complications and tacrolimus-based CS-free immunosuppressive protocol, comparing the two subgroup of patient with P-SOFT score < 6 and ≥ 6 (P = 0.193). This association was noted comparing the two subgroups on tacrolimus plus low dose CS regimen (P = 0.013).

Conclusion: In this series, the use of CS in sick patient is associated with higher morbidity identified by the Clavien classification.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / adverse effects
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Graft Rejection / epidemiology*
  • Graft Rejection / immunology
  • Graft Rejection / mortality
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects*
  • Incidence
  • Liver Diseases / surgery*
  • Liver Transplantation* / immunology
  • Liver Transplantation* / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Tacrolimus / adverse effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Tacrolimus