Valganciclovir is an effective prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients

HPB (Oxford). 2010 Dec;12(10):657-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2010.00226.x.

Abstract

Objectives: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality among solid organ transplant recipients. Prophylaxis using valganciclovir (VGCV) in orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration and its use is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VGCV in CMV prophylaxis in OLT recipients.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective, single-centre study including all OLT procedures performed during 2005-2008. Patients with early death (at ≤ 30 days), without CMV serology or prophylaxis, or with follow-up of <1 year were excluded.

Results: The overall incidence of CMV disease was 6% (n= 9). The ganciclovir (GCV) and VGCV groups had similar incidences of CMV disease (4.6% vs. 7.0%; P= 0.4) and similar distributions of disease presentation (CMV syndrome vs. tissue-invasive CMV; P= 0.4). Incidences of CMV infection, as well as disease presentation, were similar between the high-risk (CMV D+/R-) and non-high-risk groups (P= 0.16). Although acute cellular rejection occurred more frequently in patients who developed CMV disease (P= 0.005), overall survival in these patients did not differ from that in patients who did not develop CMV infection (P= 0.5).

Conclusions: Valganciclovir is an effective antiviral for the prevention of CMV disease in liver transplant recipients. Our data support its use in high-risk OLT patients.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Baltimore
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / mortality
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / virology
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Ganciclovir / administration & dosage
  • Ganciclovir / analogs & derivatives*
  • Graft Rejection / prevention & control
  • Graft Rejection / virology
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Incidence
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Liver Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Liver Transplantation* / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Valganciclovir
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Valganciclovir
  • Ganciclovir