A Case of Cryptococcal Lymphadenitis in an HIV-Infected Child

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2011 Apr;27(4):373-6. doi: 10.1089/aid.2010.0167. Epub 2010 Nov 18.

Abstract

An 8-year-old HIV-positive antiretroviral therapy-naive child developed severe headache and generalized lymphadenopathy. The serum cryptococcal antigen (CRAG) test was positive, the histology on the lymph node biopsy revealed budding yeast cells, and Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated on culture of his cerebrospinal fluid. He was treated with intravenous amphotericin B followed by oral fluconazole with a good response. Therefore cryptococcal lymphadenitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with lymphadenopathy and a positive serum CRAG.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Abdomen / diagnostic imaging
  • Amphotericin B / administration & dosage
  • Antifungal Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antigens, Fungal / blood
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Child
  • Cryptococcosis / diagnosis*
  • Cryptococcosis / pathology
  • Cryptococcus neoformans / isolation & purification*
  • Fluconazole / administration & dosage
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • Histocytochemistry
  • Humans
  • Lymphadenitis / microbiology*
  • Lymphadenitis / pathology
  • Male
  • Microscopy
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Antigens, Fungal
  • Amphotericin B
  • Fluconazole