Pre-operative cardiac workup after anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Is it really necessary?

Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2011 Mar;93(2):127-9. doi: 10.1308/003588411X12851639107836. Epub 2010 Nov 18.

Abstract

Introduction: In patients receiving pre-operative anthracyclines for locally advanced breast cancer, early cardiotoxicity is a well-recognised complication that may interfere with surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of breast surgery after neoadjuvant treatment with Doxorubicin.

Patients and methods: A retrospective study of breast cancer patients treated with Doxorubicin as part of their neoadjuvant protocol. All patients were subsequently operated in our institution. Intra-operative and postoperative haemodynamic, cardiac or respiratory events were collected.

Results: A total of 83 patients were included. All patients had a normal left ventricular ejection fraction before starting on chemotherapy. Doxorubicin was given in conjunction with Cyclophosphamide and Paclitaxel. The cumulative dose of Doxorubicin was 240 mg/m(2). All patients completed their chemotherapy less than a year before surgery and were clinically asymptomatic. Of the patients, 2.3% displayed a significant reduction in cardiac function to meet cardiotoxicity criteria, although not clinically apparent. No complications occurred intra-operatively or postoperatively.

Conclusions: Breast surgery can be safely performed after breast neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Doxorubicin. The risk of early cardiotoxicity does not mandate a cardiac function assessment after completion of treatment. Work-up should be individualised according to the anthracycline regimen, patient's cardiac risk factors and functional status before surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / administration & dosage
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / adverse effects*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Doxorubicin / administration & dosage
  • Doxorubicin / adverse effects*
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Heart Diseases / chemically induced*
  • Heart Diseases / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Preoperative Care / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
  • Doxorubicin