Deep-planes lift associated with free flap surgery for facial reanimation

J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2011 Oct;39(7):475-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2010.09.003. Epub 2010 Dec 8.

Abstract

Between April 1999 and April 2008, 37 patients with long-standing facial paralysis underwent a one-stage facial reanimation with neuromuscular free flaps: 28 patients (group A) underwent flap transposition only; 9 patients (group B) underwent a deep-planes lift (DPL) composed of the superficial muscoloaponeurotic system + parotid fascia at the time of facial reanimation. The postoperative and final results were compared between groups A and B, following the classification of Terzis and Noah (1997). Before the onset of contraction, only group B patients (100%) showed good or moderate symmetry at rest, while none of the patients of group A had a symmetric face. The respective final results for patients in groups A and B who already showed the onset of flap contraction were excellent in 28.6% and 44.5%, good in 42.9% and 33.3%, moderate in 10.7% and 22.2%, and fair or poor and fair in 17.8% and 0% of patients, respectively. The DPL allows immediate symmetry of the face at rest and contributes to upgrading the final static and dynamic results in facial reanimation with free muscular flaps.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Child
  • Connective Tissue / surgery
  • Face / surgery
  • Facial Asymmetry / etiology*
  • Facial Expression
  • Facial Muscles / surgery*
  • Facial Nerve / surgery*
  • Facial Paralysis / complications*
  • Facial Paralysis / surgery*
  • Fasciotomy
  • Female
  • Free Tissue Flaps*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nasolabial Fold / surgery
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult