N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine but not allopurinol prevented cigarette smoke-induced alveolar enlargement in mouse

Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2011 Mar 15;175(3):322-30. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2010.12.010. Epub 2010 Dec 25.

Abstract

We investigated the possible protective effects of the Allopurinol (A), N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (M) and N-acetylcysteine (N) against lung injury caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) in mouse. C57BL6 mice were exposed to 12 cigarettes a day for 60 days and concomitantly treated with either one of the antioxidant drugs diluted in saline (CS+A-50 mg/kg; CS+M-200 mg/kg/day; CS+N-200 mg/kg/day). Control groups were sham-smoked (AA). Long-term CS exposure results in extensive parenchyma destruction in CS group. Both CS+N and CS+M groups showed preserved alveolar structure and showed preserved lung function when compared to CS group. Macrophage and neutrophil counts were decreased in CS+M, and CS+N groups when compared to CS group (p<0.05). Antioxidant enzyme activities were reduced in all treated groups. CS+A showed the highest reduction in catalase activity (-25%, p<0.01). We conclude that M treatment reduced long-term CS-induced inflammatory lung parenchyma destruction and lung function, comparable to N treatment, however, antioxidant administration did not reverse CS-induced antioxidant enzyme activity reduction.

MeSH terms

  • Acetylcysteine / pharmacology
  • Allopurinol / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Emphysema / chemically induced
  • Emphysema / pathology
  • Emphysema / prevention & control
  • Glycine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Glycine / pharmacology
  • Lung Injury / chemically induced
  • Lung Injury / pathology
  • Lung Injury / prevention & control*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Pulmonary Alveoli / drug effects
  • Pulmonary Alveoli / pathology
  • Smoking
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • N-(2-mercaptoproprionyl)-glycine
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds
  • Tobacco Smoke Pollution
  • Allopurinol
  • Glycine
  • Acetylcysteine