Textile allergy--the Melbourne experience

Contact Dermatitis. 2011 Jul;65(1):38-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01861.x. Epub 2011 Feb 10.

Abstract

Background: Textile allergy is a well-established entity, but there are relatively few Australian reports in this area.

Objectives: To report the combined experience of textile contact dermatitis from the general and occupational contact dermatitis clinics at the Skin and Cancer Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Patients/methods: On the basis of the clinical suspicion of textile allergy, 2069 patients were tested with a textile series.

Results: One hundred and fifty-seven (7.6%) patients reacted to any of the textile-related allergens. The most common allergen was Basic Red 46 (20.2% of the positive reactions), followed by Disperse Blue 106 and Disperse Blue 124 (11.8% and 11.2%, respectively). Reactions to formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing chemicals accounted for 30.6% of the concomitant reactions, and reactions to p-phenylenediamine accounted for 12.6% of the concomitant reactions. The use of Disperse Blue mix yielded only 12.2% of patients sensitive to either of these two allergens, and it is not endorsed as a screening agent for textile dye allergy.

Conclusion: Textile allergy is not uncommon. In Melbourne, Basic Red 46 in inexpensive, dark-coloured, acrylic-blend, men's work socks is the most important cause. It is important to test with samples of patients' clothing.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Australia / epidemiology
  • Azo Compounds / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Clothing
  • Cohort Studies
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / epidemiology*
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / etiology
  • Female
  • Formaldehyde / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patch Tests
  • Prevalence
  • Textiles / adverse effects*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Azo Compounds
  • Formaldehyde
  • basic red 46
  • Disperse Blue 124
  • disperse blue 106