New method of intracoronary adenosine injection to prevent microvascular reperfusion injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Am J Cardiol. 2011 Apr 15;107(8):1131-5. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.12.010.

Abstract

The aim of our study was to examine the role of a new, simple protocol of intracoronary adenosine administration performed during primary angioplasty on the immediate angiographic results and clinical course. A prospective, single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 70 consecutive patients (64 ± 14 years, 54 men) with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was conducted. Patients were randomized to 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 35) received intracoronary adenosine (1 to 2 mg) with a hand injection through the guiding catheter 2 times: immediately after crossing the lesion of the infarct-related artery with guidewire and then after the first balloon inflation. Group 2 (n = 35) received placebo. The baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics of the 2 groups were similar. Percutaneous coronary intervention resulted in Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow after PCI in 32 patients (91.4%) in the adenosine group and 27 patients (77.1%) in the placebo group (p = 0.059). Myocardial blush grade 3 was observed at the end of PCI in 23 patients (65.7%) in the adenosine group and 13 (37.1%) in the placebo group (p < 0.05). Resolution of ST-segment elevation (> 50%) was more frequently observed in the adenosine than in the placebo group: 27 (77%) versus 15 (43%), respectively (p < 0.01). In conclusion, intracoronary adenosine administration improved the angiographic and electrocardiographic results in patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation undergoing PCI. Adenosine administration seemed to be associated with a more favorable clinical course.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / administration & dosage*
  • Aged
  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary*
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Vessels
  • Electrocardiography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intra-Arterial
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / etiology
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vasodilator Agents / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • Vasodilator Agents
  • Adenosine