Comparison of community-associated and health care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Canada: results of the CANWARD 2007-2009 study

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2011 Mar;69(3):320-5. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.10.028.

Abstract

This study assessed the demographics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular epidemiology of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and health care-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) in Canadian hospitals between 2007 and 2009. Among 3589 S. aureus, 889 (24.8%) were MRSA; 224 (25.2%) were CA-MRSA genotypes and 644 (72.4%) were HA-MRSA genotypes. The prevalence of CA-MRSA genotypes increased from 19.5% in 2007 to 31.9% in 2009 (P < .001). CMRSA10/USA300 (73.7%) was the predominant CA-MRSA epidemic type; the most common HA-MRSA epidemic type was CMRSA2/USA100/800 (83.5%). CA-MRSA genotypes carried SCCmec type IVa (98.2%) and were largely agr type I (73.2%). Most HA-MRSA genotypes were SCCmec type II (81.2%) and agr type II (83.4%). Panton-Valentine leukocidin was detected in 201/224 (89.7%) CA-MRSA genotypes and 3/644 (0.5%) HA-MRSA genotypes. An increase in vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was observed in HA-MRSA genotypes overall, with 1.3% (4/305) of strains in 2007 and 4.6% (7/152) in 2009 exhibiting vancomycin MICs of 2 μg/mL. No MRSA resistance occurred with linezolid, daptomycin, or tigecycline. In conclusion, CA-MRSA genotypes represented 25.2% of all MRSA and continue to increase in prevalence in Canadian hospitals.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetamides / pharmacology
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bacterial Toxins / analysis
  • Canada / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Community-Acquired Infections / epidemiology
  • Community-Acquired Infections / genetics
  • Community-Acquired Infections / microbiology*
  • Cross Infection / epidemiology
  • Cross Infection / genetics
  • Cross Infection / microbiology*
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • Daptomycin / pharmacology
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial / genetics*
  • Exotoxins / analysis
  • Female
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Leukocidins / analysis
  • Linezolid
  • Male
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / genetics*
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Minocycline / analogs & derivatives
  • Minocycline / pharmacology
  • Oxazolidinones / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / epidemiology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology*
  • Tigecycline
  • Vancomycin Resistance

Substances

  • Acetamides
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Exotoxins
  • Leukocidins
  • Oxazolidinones
  • Panton-Valentine leukocidin
  • Tigecycline
  • Minocycline
  • Linezolid
  • Daptomycin