700 bronchial fiber endoscopies were performed at Dakar Main Hospital over a period of 3 consecutive years. 40 broncho-pulmonary cancers were identified (34 epidermoids, 4 adeno-cancers, 2 small cell cancers) among the 80 suspect cases. Comparison of clinical, radiological and endoscopic data revealed the following information: 1. most frequently radiology showed retractile, pulmonary condensation syndrome (40 cases); 2. a large predominance of close, bulging tumours (45 times) in relation to endoscopic bronchial stenosis (22 times); 3. almost exclusive identification of bronchial epidermoid cancer in this series (34 times); 4. the masculine sex and use of tobacco remain 2 unavoidable elements in this pathology. Bronchial endoscopy, a simple, indispensible examination, allows the lesion to be visualized, and a biopsy, on its own or associated with endoscopic cysto-brushing and alveolus washing, can then furnish conclusive histological proof.