Volume-based trends in surgical care of patients with oropharyngeal cancer

Laryngoscope. 2011 Apr;121(4):738-45. doi: 10.1002/lary.21457. Epub 2011 Mar 10.

Abstract

Objective: Positive volume-outcome relationships exist for diseases treated with technically complex surgery. Contemporary patterns of oropharyngeal cancer surgery by hospital and surgeon volume are poorly defined.

Methods: The Maryland Health Service Cost Review Commission database was queried for hospital and surgeon oropharyngeal cancer surgical case volumes from 1990 to 2009.

Results: Overall, 1,534 oropharyngeal cancer surgeries were performed by 238 surgeons at 41 hospitals. Cases performed by high-volume surgeons increased from 18.9% in 1990 to 1999 to 24.8% in 2000 to 2009 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, P = .002), whereas cases performed at high-volume hospitals increased from 35.0% to 41.8% (OR = 1.7, P <.001). High-volume surgeons were significantly associated with university hospitals (OR = 25.9, P < .001) and were more likely to perform partial glossectomy (OR = 1.8, P = .002), total glossectomy (OR = 3.8, P < .001), and neck dissection (OR = 2.3, P < .001). High-volume hospitals were significantly associated with tonsillectomy (OR = 3.0, P < .001), partial glossectomy (OR = 1.4, P = .044), total glossectomy (OR = 4.3, P < .001), neck dissection (OR = 3.1, P < .001), flap reconstruction (OR = 1.9, P = .028), and prior radiation (OR = 5.0, P < .001). After controlling for other variables, oropharyngeal cancer surgery in 2000 to 2009 was associated with increased utilization of university hospitals (OR = 1.7, P < .001), increased mortality risk scores (OR = 3.1, P = .022), prior radiation (OR = 4.9, P = .011), and a decrease in partial glossectomy (OR = 0.5, P < .001), total glossectomy (OR = 0.4, P = .004), pharyngectomy (OR = 0.6, P = .007), and mandibulectomy (OR = 0.6, P = .022) procedures.

Conclusions: The proportion of oropharyngeal cancer surgery patients treated by high-volume surgeons and hospitals increased significantly from 1990 to 1999 to 2000 to 2009, with a decrease in partial glossectomy, total glossectomy, pharyngectomy, and mandibulectomy procedures. These findings may be due to changing trends in the primary management of oropharyngeal cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / epidemiology*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Forecasting
  • Glossectomy / statistics & numerical data
  • Hospitals, University / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mandible / surgery
  • Maryland
  • Middle Aged
  • Neck Dissection
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care / trends
  • Pharyngectomy
  • Surgical Flaps
  • Tongue Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Tongue Neoplasms / pathology
  • Tongue Neoplasms / surgery
  • Tonsillectomy / statistics & numerical data
  • Utilization Review / trends
  • Young Adult