The authors report a case of hyperparathyroidism arising in a woman after long-term haemodialysis treatment with very serious manifestations for the maxillary bones. The patient had already undergone an intervention of subtotal parathyroidectomy 2 years before, but there was no improvement in the clinical symptomatology and hematochemical signs. Excluding development into the third form of hyperparathyroidism, in consideration of present therapeutic orientations for the secondary form, and in view of the patients serious local and general conditions, it was decided to treat the case with medical therapy alone.