A 22-year-old woman presenting with repetitive hemoptysis was clinically diagnosed based on the fact that her symptoms corresponded with her menstruation cycle. Computed tomography revealed a specifically localized opacity in the right middle lobe of the lung at the time of each episode of hemoptysis. Following a right middle lobectomy, which was performed under video thoracoscopy, the symptoms subsided. We also briefly herein review the 73 similar cases with catamenial hemoptysis that have been reported since 1956.