Subsequent development of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma associated with primary immune disorder in a 6-year-old female: a case report and review of the literature

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2011 Oct;33(7):e320-5. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e318207a37a.

Abstract

Neoplastic lymphoid proliferation may arise from immune deficiency or disordered regulation of the immune system. Often the neoplasms are associated with viral agents, such as Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, or human herpes virus 8. Lymphoproliferative diseases have been documented in a variety of primary immune disorders. The most commonly encountered neoplastic lesion is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), although Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Burkitt lymphoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphomas and/or leukemias have also been documented in rare instances. We report a case of a 6-year-old girl with unclassifiable primary immunodeficiency diagnosed with 2 different clones of DLBCLs and subsequently developed lymphocyte-depleted, classical HL. Both neoplasms were associated with Epstein-Barr virus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported occurrence of primary immune disorder-associated lymphoproliferative disease with sequential development of DLBCLs and HL in a pediatric patient. Thorough surveillance is paramount for accurate assessment of the associated lymphoproliferative disease and in ascertaining likely transformation to, or de novo evolution of a different lymphoid neoplasm. This is also important in evaluating treatment response with appropriate therapeutic adjustments if clinically indicated.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Female
  • Hodgkin Disease / complications*
  • Hodgkin Disease / diagnosis
  • Hodgkin Disease / virology
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / complications*
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / diagnosis
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / virology
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / complications*
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / diagnosis
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / virology