Abstract
Elaeocarpus petiolatus is known to exert active oxygen scavenging, anti-aging, and whitening actions. However, the biological effects of E. petiolatus on inflammation and the underlying mechanisms are yet to be established. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanol extract from E. petiolatus (EPE) bark in murine Raw264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). EPE inhibited the production of PGE(2), TNF-α, and IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner in Raw264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. The decrease in PGE(2) production was correlated with reduced COX-2 expression. Furthermore, EPE suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 as well as translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit from the cytosol to nucleus. Our results suggest that EPE exerts anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of inflammatory mediators, such as PGE(2), TNF-α, and IL-1β, and downregulation of COX-2 via suppression of NF-κB translocation and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
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Cell Line
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Cell Proliferation
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Concanavalin A / pharmacology
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Cyclooxygenase 2 / biosynthesis
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Dinoprostone / biosynthesis
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Elaeocarpaceae*
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / metabolism
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Inflammation / drug therapy
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Inflammation / metabolism*
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Inflammation Mediators / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Interleukin-13 / biosynthesis
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Interleukin-1beta / biosynthesis
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Interleukin-4 / biosynthesis
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Lipopolysaccharides / immunology
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / immunology
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Macrophages / immunology*
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Phosphorylation / drug effects
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Transcription Factor RelA / metabolism
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / biosynthesis
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Inflammation Mediators
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Interleukin-13
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Interleukin-1beta
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Plant Extracts
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Transcription Factor RelA
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Concanavalin A
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Interleukin-4
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Ptgs2 protein, mouse
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Cyclooxygenase 2
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
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JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Dinoprostone