Feasibility and efficacy of induction docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy combined with cisplatin concurrent chemoradiotherapy for nonmetastatic Stage IV head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Nov 15;81(4):e237-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.03.043. Epub 2011 May 27.

Abstract

Purpose: To report the experience of treating selected fit patients with locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma with three cycles of induction TPF (docetaxel 75 mg/m(2), cisplatin 75 mg/m(2), 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m(2), Days 2-5) followed by concurrent three-weekly bolus cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) chemoradiotherapy.

Methods and materials: Between March 2006 and February 2010, 66 patients with nonmetastatic Stage IV head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma were treated in a single institution with three cycles of induction TPF, followed by radical radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin 100 mg/m(2).

Results: Median age was 54 years (range, 33-69 years). Median follow-up was 21 months (range, 4-55 months). During TPF, Grade 3 toxicity occurred in 18 patients (27%), dose modifications in 10 (15%), delays in 3 (5%), and unplanned admissions in 6 (9%); a clinical tumor response was documented in 60 patients (91%). Median time from the final cycle of TPF to commencing radiotherapy was 22 days. Sixty-two patients (94%) received radical radiotherapy, and all completed treatment with no delays ≥3 days. One, two, and three cycles of concurrent cisplatin were delivered to 18 patients (29%), 38 patients (61%), and 3 patients (5%), respectively. Ninety-two percent of patients received enteral feeding; median weight loss during treatment was 7%. Forty-two patients (68%) had unplanned admissions with no on-treatment deaths. Three unrelated deaths occurred after treatment. At 1 year after treatment, 21% of patients without disease progression remained gastrostomy dependent. Of 58 assessable patients, 50 (86%) achieved a complete response after treatment. One- and 2-year progression-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival were 88%, 92%, and 86% and 80%, 85%, and 80%, respectively.

Conclusion: The combination of induction TPF with concurrent cisplatin chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is tolerable, with encouraging efficacy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy*
  • Chemoradiotherapy / methods*
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Docetaxel
  • Enteral Nutrition / statistics & numerical data
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Induction Chemotherapy / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Taxoids / administration & dosage
  • Weight Loss

Substances

  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
  • Taxoids
  • Docetaxel
  • Cisplatin
  • Fluorouracil