Abstract
The obesity epidemic has forced us to evaluate the role of inflammation in the health complications of obesity. This has led to a convergence of the fields of immunology and nutrient physiology and the understanding that they are inextricably linked. The reframing of obesity as an inflammatory condition has had a wide impact on our conceptualization of obesity-associated diseases. In this Review, we highlight the cellular and molecular mechanisms at play in the generation of obesity-induced inflammation. We also emphasize how defining the immune regulation in metabolic tissues has broadened the understanding of the diversity of inflammatory responses.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Acute-Phase Proteins / physiology
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Adipose Tissue / physiopathology
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
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Cytokines / physiology
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Disease Progression
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Energy Metabolism / physiology
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Fibrosis
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Humans
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Hypothalamus / physiopathology
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Inflammation / drug therapy
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Inflammation / etiology
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Inflammation / immunology
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Inflammation / physiopathology*
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Leukocytes / physiology
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Liver / metabolism
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Macrophages / physiology
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Metabolic Diseases / drug therapy
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Metabolic Diseases / etiology
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Metabolic Diseases / physiopathology*
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Models, Biological
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Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
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Obesity / complications
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Obesity / drug therapy
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Obesity / immunology
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Obesity / physiopathology*
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Organ Specificity
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / physiology
Substances
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Acute-Phase Proteins
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Cytokines
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors