Thoracic sympathectomy for digital ischemia: a summary of evidence

J Vasc Surg. 2011 Jul;54(1):273-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.01.069. Epub 2011 Jun 8.

Abstract

Background: Thoracic sympathectomy is used in the management of a variety of upper limb disorders. We have analyzed the evidence for thoracic sympathectomy in the management of digital ischemia.

Methods: We reviewed the English literature between 1980 and 2010. Our analysis included reports with the clinical end points of relief, recurrence of symptoms or healing of ulcers, or both. Primary Raynaud disease (PRD) and secondary Raynaud phenomenon (SRP) were analyzed separately.

Results: An initial postoperative positive effect was reported in 92% of PRD patients and in 89% of SRP patients. Long-term beneficial effect was 58% for PRD and 89% for SRP. Ulcer healing or improvement was achieved in 95%.

Conclusions: The available evidence suggests that thoracic sympathectomy has a role in the treatment of severe PRD and SRP, albeit with better results in SRP patients than in PRD patients. In case of digital ulceration, thoracic sympathectomy may maximize tissue preservation or prevent amputation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Fingers / blood supply*
  • Humans
  • Ischemia / pathology
  • Ischemia / surgery*
  • Raynaud Disease / pathology
  • Raynaud Disease / surgery*
  • Skin Ulcer / pathology
  • Skin Ulcer / surgery*
  • Sympathectomy*
  • Thoracic Nerves / surgery*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Healing