Abstract
The advent of targeted agents for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has led to dramatic improvements in therapy. However, the chronic use of these medications has also led to the identification of new toxicities that require long-term management. Effective management of toxicity is needed to maximize the benefits of treatment and improve patients' quality of life. In addition, toxicity from these agents may affect treatment compliance, particularly with daily oral agents. This review delineates the toxicities that require monitoring, the underlying pathophysiology (when known), and treatments that may have benefits in relieving symptoms and side effects.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / adverse effects*
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / drug therapy*
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / pathology
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Cardiovascular Diseases / chemically induced
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Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
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Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / chemically induced
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Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / prevention & control*
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Evidence-Based Medicine
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Gastrointestinal Diseases / chemically induced
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Gastrointestinal Diseases / prevention & control
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Humans
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Kidney Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
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Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects*
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Quality of Life
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / antagonists & inhibitors
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism
Substances
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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MTOR protein, human
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases