HIV-2 A-subtype gp125c₂-v₃-c₃ mutations and their association with CCR5 and CXCR4 tropism

Arch Virol. 2011 Nov;156(11):1943-51. doi: 10.1007/s00705-011-1075-z. Epub 2011 Aug 4.

Abstract

The early events of the HIV replication cycle involve the interaction between viral envelope glycoproteins and their cellular CD4-chemokine (CCR5/CXCR4) receptor complex. In this study, for the first time, the HIV-2 A-subtype gp125(C2-V3-C3) mutations and their tropism association were characterized by analyzing 149 HIV-2 sequences from the Los Alamos database. The analysis has strengthened the importance of C2-V3-C3 region as a determinant factor for co-receptor selection. Moreover, statistically significant correlations were observed between C2-V3-C3 mutations, and several correlated mutations were associated with CXCR4 and CCR5 co-receptor usage. A dendrogram showed two distinct clusters, with numerous associated mutations grouped, thus dividing CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic viruses. Fourteen X4-tropic virus mutations, all in V3 and C3 domains and forming highly significant subclusters, were found. Finally, R5 associations, two strong subclusters were observed, grouping several C2-V3-C3 mutated positions. These data indicate the possible contribution of C2-V3-C3 mutational patterns in regulating HIV-2 tropism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • HIV Infections / genetics
  • HIV Infections / metabolism*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • HIV-2 / chemistry
  • HIV-2 / genetics
  • HIV-2 / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Mutation*
  • Protein Binding
  • Receptors, CCR5 / genetics
  • Receptors, CCR5 / metabolism*
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / genetics
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / metabolism
  • Receptors, Virus / genetics
  • Receptors, Virus / metabolism
  • Viral Tropism*
  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / chemistry*
  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / genetics*
  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptors, CCR5
  • Receptors, CXCR4
  • Receptors, Virus
  • env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • gp125 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2