Regulating Rap small G-proteins in time and space

Martijn Gloerich; Johannes L Bos

doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2011.07.001

Regulating Rap small G-proteins in time and space

Trends Cell Biol. 2011 Oct;21(10):615-23. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2011.07.001. Epub 2011 Aug 4.

Authors

Martijn Gloerich¹, Johannes L Bos

Affiliation

¹ Molecular Cancer Research, Centre for Biomedical Genetics and Cancer Genomics Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

PMID: 21820312
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2011.07.001

Abstract

Signaling by the small G-protein Rap is under tight regulation by its GEFs and GAPs. These are multi-domain proteins that are themselves controlled by distinct upstream pathways, and thus couple different extra- and intracellular cues to Rap. The individual RapGEFs and RapGAPs are, in addition, targeted to specific cellular locations by numerous anchoring mechanisms and, consequently, may control different pools of Rap. Here, we review the various activating signals and targeting mechanisms of these proteins and discuss their contribution to the spatiotemporal regulation and biological functions of the Rap proteins.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Cyclic AMP / chemistry
Cyclic AMP / metabolism*
GTPase-Activating Proteins / chemistry
GTPase-Activating Proteins / metabolism*
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / chemistry
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / metabolism*
Models, Molecular*
Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / chemistry
Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
Signal Transduction
rap GTP-Binding Proteins / chemistry
rap GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins / chemistry
rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism

Substances

GTPase-Activating Proteins
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
Cyclic AMP
Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins
rap GTP-Binding Proteins
rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins