Orientation-dependent work function of in situ annealed strontium titanate

J Phys Condens Matter. 2009 Aug 5;21(31):314013. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/31/314013. Epub 2009 Jul 7.

Abstract

We have used energy-filtered x-ray photoelectron emission microscopy (XPEEM) and synchrotron radiation to measure the grain orientation dependence of the work function of a sintered niobium-doped strontium titanate ceramic. A significant spread in work function values is found. Grain orientation and surface reducing/oxidizing conditions are the main factors in determining the work function. Energy-filtered XPEEM looks ideally suited for analysis of other technologically interesting polycrystalline samples.