Safety of intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel after gastrectomy with en-bloc D2 lymph node dissection

J Surg Oncol. 2012 Jan;105(1):43-7. doi: 10.1002/jso.22065. Epub 2011 Aug 11.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the safety, pharmacokinetics, and cytological efficacy against free intraperitoneal cancer cells of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) with paclitaxel after gastrectomy with en-bloc D2 lymph node dissection (GD2) in cases of gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) and/or positive cytological findings in peritoneal washings (CFPW).

Methods: Twenty-one patients with gastric cancer with PC and/or positive CFPW who underwent GD2 were treated with early, post-operative, intraperitoneal paclitaxel. Intra-chemotherapeutic toxicity and operative complication were measured using the common toxicity criteria of the National Cancer Institute, version 3.0. Intraperitoneal and plasma paclitaxel concentrations were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography assay.

Results: Grade 3 anemia occurred in two patients (9.5%) and neutropenia was observed in three patients (14.3%). No grade 4 toxicity was observed. A grade 2 operative complication was a superficial surgical site infection (4.8%) that was treated with antibiotics. Cytologically, no viable cancer cells were observed in the intra-abdominal fluid 24 hr after intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel. The intraperitoneal/plasma area under the drug concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio was 596.9:1.

Conclusion: IPC with paclitaxel after GD2 is a safe and cytologically effective treatment modality for free intraperitoneal cancer cells. However, additional data are required to determine the effect on survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary
  • Adenocarcinoma / therapy*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / therapeutic use
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gastrectomy*
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intraperitoneal
  • Lymph Node Excision*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Paclitaxel / therapeutic use*
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / secondary
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Prospective Studies
  • Safety
  • Stomach Neoplasms / mortality
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology
  • Stomach Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Paclitaxel