Abstract
Infectious diarrhea belongs to the most frequent infections worldwide and can be elicited by a wide array of microbial pathogens. In developed countries transmission occurs much more frequently from contaminated food as compared to direct person-to-person contact, except for enteric viruses which can also be transmitted by aerosol formation after vomiting. In Germany, more than 90% of cases are caused by the four pathogens Norovirus, Rotavirus, Campylobacter and Salmonella. Therapy of infectious diarrhea is mainly supportive. In cases with a severe or prolonged course, signs of inflammation, bloody stool, immunosuppression, comorbidity and in suspected outbreaks, fecal microbial analysis should be performed and a specific therapy should be considered if indicated.
MeSH terms
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Bacterial Infections / diagnosis
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Bacterial Infections / epidemiology
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Bacterial Infections / etiology
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Bacterial Infections / therapy
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Disease Outbreaks
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Dysentery / diagnosis*
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Dysentery / epidemiology
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Dysentery / etiology
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Dysentery / therapy
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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
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Epidemics
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Escherichia coli Infections / diagnosis
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Escherichia coli Infections / epidemiology
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Escherichia coli Infections / therapy
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Escherichia coli Infections / transmission
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Feces / microbiology
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Feces / parasitology
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Feces / virology
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Fluid Therapy
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Gastroenteritis / diagnosis*
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Gastroenteritis / epidemiology
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Gastroenteritis / etiology
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Gastroenteritis / therapy
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Germany
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Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / diagnosis
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Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / epidemiology
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Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / therapy
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Humans
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Incidence
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Protozoan Infections / diagnosis
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Protozoan Infections / epidemiology
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Protozoan Infections / therapy
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Protozoan Infections / transmission