Research works covering longevity, longer life expectancy and influence of ecologic conditions on health are topical among important strategic trends. The authors presented contemporary project of research concerning influence of ecologic factors on health of urban inhabitants. The project is carried out by National Centre of Labour Hygiene and Occupational Diseases since 2010, and the results will define cause-effect relationship of possible environmental hazards, disclose basic pathogenetic mechanisms of ecologically dependent diseases with evaluation of induced mutagenesis and metabolic disorders level.