Surgical scar remodelling after photodynamic therapy using aminolaevulinic acid or its methylester: a retrospective, blinded study of patients with field cancerization

Br J Dermatol. 2012 Feb;166(2):413-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10576.x. Epub 2011 Nov 17.

Abstract

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a nonsurgical alternative to conventional tumour excision for nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs).

Objectives: We evaluated whether patients with field cancerization (multiple NMSCs) treated with aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) or its methylester (MAL) for that indication had PDT-induced changes in surgical scars in the treatment field.

Methods: Six adult patients with multiple NMSCs and a total of 21 scars from previous excisions were studied in a retrospective blinded evaluation from clinical photographs of scar response to ALA/MAL-PDT. After a 3-h application of topical 20% ALA or 16·8% MAL under occlusion, each field was irradiated with 635-nm light-emitting diode light at the fluence of 200Jcm(-2) . Patients underwent one to three PDT sessions per field at ∼1month intervals, to fields that included scars on the back, thigh, arms and neck. Pre- and post-treatment digital photographs of scars were combined into 92 pairs that were independently and blindly evaluated by three board-certified dermatologists. This study was performed at our academic practice at the Massachusetts General Hospital.

Results: PDT produced a statistically significant improvement in scar appearance. The degree of improvement correlated with the number of treatment sessions (two or three treatments; P<0·05). Improvement after a single treatment was not statistically different from baseline ratings (P=0·99).

Conclusions: Surgical scar remodelling and clinical improvement may be accomplished via ALA/MAL-PDT, but may require repeated treatment sessions. Larger, prospective studies are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of PDT for this indication.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Cutaneous
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aminolevulinic Acid / administration & dosage*
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Cicatrix / drug therapy*
  • Cicatrix / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Photochemotherapy / methods*
  • Photography
  • Photosensitizing Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Random Allocation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology

Substances

  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • Aminolevulinic Acid