Characterization of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from animals presenting at a university veterinary hospital

Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011 Oct;77(20):7104-12. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00599-11. Epub 2011 Aug 19.

Abstract

In this study, we examined molecular mechanisms associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) in a collection of Escherichia coli isolates recovered from hospitalized animals in Ireland. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to identify genes associated with resistance. Class 1 integrons were prevalent (94.6%) and contained gene cassettes recognized previously and implicated mainly in resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and trimethoprim (aadA1, dfrA1-aadA1, dfrA17-aadA5, dfrA12-orfF-aadA2, bla(OXA-30)-aadA1, aacC1-orf1-orf2-aadA1, dfr7). Class 2 integrons (13.5%) contained the dfrA1-sat1-aadA1 gene array. The most frequently occurring phenotypes included resistance to ampicillin (97.3%), chloramphenicol (75.4%), florfenicol (40.5%), gentamicin (54%), neomycin (43.2%), streptomycin (97.3%), sulfonamide (98.6%), and tetracycline (100%). The associated resistance determinants detected included bla(TEM), cat, floR, aadB, aphA1, strA-strB, sul2, and tet(B), respectively. The bla(CTX-M-2) gene, encoding an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESβL), and bla(CMY-2), encoding an AmpC-like enzyme, were identified in 8 and 18 isolates, respectively. The mobility of the resistance genes was demonstrated using conjugation assays with a representative selection of isolates. High-molecular-weight plasmids were found to be responsible for resistance to multiple antimicrobial compounds. The study demonstrated that animal-associated commensal E. coli isolates possess a diverse repertoire of transferable genetic determinants. Emergence of ESβLs and AmpC-like enzymes is particularly significant. To our knowledge, the bla(CTX-M-2) gene has not previously been reported in Ireland.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Conjugation, Genetic
  • DNA, Bacterial / chemistry
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects*
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / isolation & purification*
  • Escherichia coli Infections / microbiology
  • Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary*
  • Gene Transfer, Horizontal
  • Genes, Bacterial
  • Hospitals, Animal
  • Integrons
  • Ireland
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Universities

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • DNA, Bacterial