Objective: To study the effect and related mechanism of seaweed polysaccharide (SP) on apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLS).
Methods: RA-FLS were in vitro cultured using modified tissue culture method. Effect of SP (0, 15, 20, and 25 mg/mL, respectively) at different time points (0, 3, 4, and 5 days, respectively) on the proliferation and apoptosis of RA-FLS, and protein expressions of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Hoechst 33258 staining assay, TUNEL assay, and Western blot, respectively.
Results: Compared with 0 mg/mL SP at the same time point, the proliferation of RA-FLS was inhibited, and the apoptosis was promoted 3, 4, and 5 days after intervened by 15, 20, and 25 mg/mL SP, respectively (P<0.01) in time- and dose-dependent manners. RA-FLS Bax protein expression was up-regulated, Bcl-2 protein expression down-regulated, Caspase-3 activated and split by 15, 20, and 25 mg/mL SP, respectively for 4 days (P<0.05, P<0.01). Besides, the changes were in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusions: SP could inhibit RA-FLS proliferation and induce its apoptosis in dose- and time-dependent manners. Its apoptosis mechanism might be through up-regulating intracellular Bax protein expression and down-regulating Bcl-2 protein expression, thus influencing the mitochondrion signaling pathway, further promoting Caspase-3 activation and split, resulting in the apoptosis of RA-FLS.