Abstract
Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance maintain a controlled balance between self-tolerance, protective immunity against a spectrum of non-self antigens, and suppressing pathology in various disorders. CD4(+) regulatory T cells (T(reg)) expressing the Foxp3 transcription factor dominantly control the activity and pathological consequences of a variety of effector T cell lineages in various inflammatory settings. This review will focus on recent advances on the roles of B7 family members in regulating Treg cell development, function and homeostasis during tolerance induction and organ-specific autoimmunity.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Autoimmune Diseases / immunology*
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Autoimmune Diseases / metabolism
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Autoimmune Diseases / pathology
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Autoimmunity*
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CD28 Antigens / immunology
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Cytokines / immunology
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / immunology*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / pathology
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Forkhead Transcription Factors / genetics
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Forkhead Transcription Factors / immunology*
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Homeostasis / immunology
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Humans
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Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein / genetics
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Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein / immunology
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Islets of Langerhans / immunology
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Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
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Mice
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Peripheral Tolerance*
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / genetics
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / immunology
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Signal Transduction / immunology*
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T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology*
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T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / metabolism
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T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / pathology
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Thymus Gland / immunology
Substances
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CD28 Antigens
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Cytokines
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FOXP3 protein, human
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Forkhead Transcription Factors
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Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein
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PDCD1 protein, human
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor