Heart arachidonic acid is uniquely sensitive to dietary arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content in domestic piglets

Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2011 Dec;85(6):335-43. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2011.08.005. Epub 2011 Aug 31.

Abstract

This study determined the sensitivity of heart and brain arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to the dietary ARA level in a dose-response design with constant, high DHA in neonatal piglets. On day 3 of age, pigs were assigned to 1 of 6 dietary formulas varying in ARA/DHA as follows (% fatty acid, FA/FA): (A1) 0.1/1.0; (A2) 0.53/1.0; (A3-D3) 0.69/1.0; (A4) 1.1/1.0; (D2) 0.67/0.62; and (D1) 0.66/0.33. At necropsy (day 28) higher levels of dietary ARA were associated with increased heart and liver ARA, while brain ARA remained unaffected. Dietary ARA had no effect on tissue DHA accretion. Heart was particularly sensitive, with pigs in the intermediate groups having different ARA (A2, 18.6±0.7%; A3, 19.4±1.0%) and a 0.17% increase in dietary ARA resulted in a 0.84% increase in heart ARA. Further investigations are warranted to determine the clinical significance of heart ARA status in developing neonates.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Arachidonic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Arachidonic Acid / metabolism*
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Dietary Fats / administration & dosage
  • Dietary Fats / metabolism*
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids / administration & dosage
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids / metabolism*
  • Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / metabolism
  • Food, Formulated*
  • Linear Models
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Myocardium / metabolism*
  • Random Allocation
  • Retina / metabolism
  • Sus scrofa / growth & development
  • Sus scrofa / metabolism*
  • Tissue Distribution

Substances

  • Dietary Fats
  • Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids
  • Arachidonic Acid