Low dose alemtuzumab in patients with fludarabine-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Leuk Lymphoma. 2012 Mar;53(3):424-9. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.623258. Epub 2012 Jan 5.

Abstract

Alemtuzumab has been shown to be effective in poor-prognosis chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); treatment, however, has been associated with significant toxicity. With the aim of seeking better tolerability, we treated 39 patients with fludarabine-refractory CLL subcutaneous alemtuzumab 10 mg three times a week, for 18 weeks. In 18 randomly selected patients, after obtaining lymphocyte count reduction by 1 Log, the antibody was administered once weekly at the dose of 30 mg. Overall response rate was 44%, including 8% complete remissions. Median overall survival and progression free survival were 29.1 and 10.3 months, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated, severe non-CMV infection occurred in 7% of the patients. CMV reactivation was detected in 27% of the patients, with only one case of CMV disease. No deaths occurred during therapy. In conclusion, low-dose alemtuzumab shows a promising safety profile coupled with satisfactory effectiveness in this category of poor prognosis CLL patients.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Chlorambucil / administration & dosage
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
  • Cytomegalovirus / physiology
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / etiology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hematologic Diseases / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Injections, Subcutaneous
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Rituximab
  • Salvage Therapy*
  • Vidarabine / administration & dosage
  • Vidarabine / analogs & derivatives
  • Vidarabine / pharmacology
  • Virus Activation

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Chlorambucil
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Rituximab
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Vidarabine
  • fludarabine