Diagnosis and management of extensive vascular malformations of the lower limb: part II. Systemic repercussions [corrected], diagnosis, and treatment

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Nov;65(5):909-23; quiz 924. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.03.009.

Abstract

At least nine types of vascular malformations with specific clinical and radiologic characteristics must be distinguished in the lower limbs: Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome, port-wine stain with or without hypertrophy, cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita, macrocephaly-capillary malformation, Parkes Weber syndrome, Stewart-Bluefarb syndrome, venous malformation, glomuvenous malformation, and lymphatic malformation. Extensive vascular malformations are often more complex than they appear and require a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach. Vascular malformations may be associated with underlying disease or systemic anomalies. Part II of this two-part series on the diagnosis and management of extensive vascular malformations of the lower limb highlights the systemic repercussions [corrected] (bone, articular, visceral, and hematologic involvement), diagnosis, and treatment of these lesions.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple / diagnosis
  • Abnormalities, Multiple / therapy
  • Adult
  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Atrophy
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / etiology
  • Bone Diseases / etiology
  • Bone Diseases / surgery
  • Child
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Female
  • Female Urogenital Diseases / etiology
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome / therapy
  • Leg / blood supply*
  • Leg Length Inequality / etiology
  • Leg Length Inequality / surgery
  • Male
  • Male Urogenital Diseases / etiology
  • Port-Wine Stain / diagnosis
  • Port-Wine Stain / epidemiology
  • Quality of Life
  • Skin Abnormalities / diagnosis
  • Skin Abnormalities / surgery
  • Skin Abnormalities / therapy
  • Vascular Malformations / classification
  • Vascular Malformations / diagnosis*
  • Vascular Malformations / epidemiology
  • Vascular Malformations / surgery
  • Vascular Malformations / therapy*

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors