Update on hepatitis C virus-specific immunity

Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2011 Nov;6(6):559-65. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e32834b879e.

Abstract

Purpose of review: The goal of this study is to review key recent findings related to the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, especially in regards to T lymphocytes. It aims to complement other reviews in this issue on the roles of host genetics (IL-28B), acute HCV infection (when disease outcome is determined) and other factors that may influence fibrosis progression (microbial translocation). The main focus is on specific immunity and T cells in the context of success and failure to control viral infection.

Recent findings: This review focuses on two areas of intense interest in the recent literature: the relationship between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), class I-restricted T-cell responses and the evolution of the virus and the role of inhibitory markers on T cells in the immunopathogenesis of HCV. When appropriate, we compare findings from studies of HIV-specific immunity.

Summary: From examining the virus and the mutational changes associated with T-cell responses and from analyzing the markers on T cells, there have been numerous advances in the understanding of immune evasion mechanisms employed by HCV.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Disease Progression
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • HIV Infections / immunology
  • HLA Antigens
  • Hepacivirus / immunology
  • Hepatitis C / complications
  • Hepatitis C / immunology*
  • Hepatitis C / physiopathology*
  • Hepatitis C / virology
  • Humans

Substances

  • HLA Antigens