Obstetric outcomes and maternal satisfaction in nulliparous women using patient-controlled epidural analgesia

Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Sep;205(3):271.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.041. Epub 2011 Jun 17.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare obstetric outcomes and maternal satisfaction in nulliparous women in spontaneous labor who used patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) vs continuous epidural infusion (CEI).

Study design: We conducted a double-masked trial of 270 nulliparous women who were assigned randomly to 3 groups (with a concentration 0.1% bupivacaine and 2 μg/mL fentanyl): group I, CEI-only (10 mL/h); group II, CEI + PCEA (CEI 10 mL/h plus PCEA 10 mL, at 20 minutes); group III, PCEA-only (10 mL, at 20 minutes). A PCEA bolus button was given to each subject. The primary outcome was the dosage of local anesthetic that was used.

Results: The total milligrams of bupivacaine that were used was less in the PCEA-only group compared with CEI: group I. 74.8 ± 36 mg; group II, 97.3 ± 53 mg; group III, 52.4 ± 42 mg (P < .001). Pain with pushing, however, was worse in the PCEA-only group. Median satisfaction scores were similar (scale, 0 [best] to 100 [worst]: group I, 0; group II, 0; group III, 0 (P = .23).

Conclusion: PCEA results in less anesthetic used, and maternal satisfaction remains high without a continuous infusion. Pain with pushing, however, was worse with the PCEA alone.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analgesia, Obstetrical / methods*
  • Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / methods*
  • Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics, Opioid / therapeutic use
  • Anesthesia, Epidural / methods*
  • Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage
  • Anesthetics, Local / pharmacology
  • Bupivacaine / administration & dosage
  • Bupivacaine / therapeutic use
  • Delivery, Obstetric*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Fentanyl / administration & dosage
  • Fentanyl / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Pain Measurement
  • Parity
  • Patient Satisfaction*
  • Pregnancy
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Fentanyl
  • Bupivacaine