Sensitive electrochemical immunosensor array for the simultaneous detection of multiple tumor markers

Analyst. 2012 Jan 21;137(2):393-9. doi: 10.1039/c1an15698e. Epub 2011 Nov 17.

Abstract

A novel electrochemical immunosensor array for the simultaneous detection of multiple tumor markers was developed by incorporating electrochemically addressing immobilization and one signal antibody strategy. As a proof-of-principle, an eight-electrode array including six carbon screen-printed working electrodes was used as a base array for the analysis of two important tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) and a horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibody was employed as a signal antibody. The immunosensor in the array was fabricated in sequence by covalently coupling the capture antibody onto the surface of the desired working electrode, which was firstly electrochemically addressably grafted with an aminophenyl group by reduction of in situ generated aminophenyl diazonium cation generated from p-phenylenediamine, using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. This allowed the selective immobilization of the capture antibody at the desired position on a single array via an electrochemical operation. The immunoassay in sandwich mode was performed by specifically binding the targets, second antibodies and one signal antibody to the immunosensor array. The result showed that the steady current density was directly proportional to the concentration of target CEA/AFP in the range from 0.10 to 50 ng mL(-1) with a detection limit of 0.03 ng mL(-1) for CEA and 0.05 ng mL(-1) for AFP (S/N = 3), respectively. This work demonstrates that the employment of an electrochemically addressing method for the fabrication of an immunosensor array and one signal antibody is a promising approach for the determination of multiple tumor markers in clinical samples.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Immobilized / chemistry
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Biosensing Techniques*
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen / analysis*
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen / blood
  • Electrochemistry*
  • Electrodes
  • Humans
  • Immunoassay*
  • Protein Array Analysis*
  • alpha-Fetoproteins / analysis*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Immobilized
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen
  • alpha-Fetoproteins